Tabasco
Diocese in the Republic of Mexico, suffragan of the Archbishopric of Yucatán.
Tabb, John Bannister
American poet and educator. (1845-1909)
Tabbora
A titular see in Africa Proconsularis, suffragan of Carthage.
Tabernacle Lamp
In the Old Testament God commanded that a lamp filled with the purest oil of olives should always burn in the Tabernacle of the Testimony without the veil.
Tabernacle Societies
The Association of Perpetual Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament and of work for poor churches was founded at Brussels in 1848 by Anne de Meeûs.
Tabernacles, Feast of
One of the three great feasts of the Hebrew liturgical calendar.
Tabor, Mount
Distinguished among the mountains of Palestine for its picturesque site, its graceful outline, the remarkable vegetation which covers its sides of calcareous rock, and the splendour of the view from its summit.
Tacana Indians
The collective designation for a group of tribes constituting the Tacanan linguistic stock in different dialects, occupying the upper valleys of the Beni and Madre de Dios Rivers, on the eastern slope of the Andes, Department of Beni, north-western Bolivia.
Taché, Alexandre-Antonin
First Archbishop of St. Boniface, Manitoba, missionary, prelate, statesman, and writer of Western Canada. (1823-1894)
Taché, Etienne-Pascal
Statesman, b. at St. Thomas (Montmagny, Province of Quebec), 5 Sept., 1795, son of Charles, and Geneviève Michon; d. 30 July, 1865.
Taensa Indians
A Muskhogean tribe living when first known on the west bank of the Mississippi, within the present limits of Tensas parish, Louisiana.
Tahiti, Vicariate Apostolic of
Located in the Society Islands, has an area of 600 square miles.
Taigi, Blessed Anna Maria Gesualda Antonia
Born at Siena, Italy, 29 May, 1769; died at Rome, 9 June, 1837.
Tait Indians
A collective term for those members of the Cowichan tribe, occupying the Lower Fraser River, Yale District, British Columbia (Canada), between Nicomen and Yale.
Takkali
The hybrid name by which the Carrier Indians of the northern interior of British Columbia were originally made known by the fur traders.
Talbot, James
Fourth son of George Talbot and brother of the fourteenth Earl of Shrewsbury. Chiefly known for having been the last priest to be indicted in the public courts for saying Mass. (1726-1790)
Talbot, Peter
Archbishop of Dublin, 1669-1680; b. at Malahide, Dublin, in 1620.
Talbot, Thomas Joseph
Brother of the fourteenth Earl of Shrewsbury, and of Bishop James Talbot.
Tallagaht, Monastery of
Situated in the barony of Uppercross.
Talleyrand-Perigord, Charles-Maurice de
Prince of Benevento, Bishop of Autun, French minister and ambassador. (1754-1838)
Talmud
A post-Biblical substantive formation of Pi'el ("to teach"), and originally signified "doctrine" or "study".
Talon, Nicolas
French Jesuit, historian, and ascetical writer. (1605-1691)
Talon, Pierre
A French-Canadian explorer, born at Quebec, 1676.
Tamanac Indians
A tribe of Cariban linguistic stock occupying the territory about the Cuchivero River, a tributary of the lower Orinoco, Venezuela.
Tamaulipas
Diocese in the Mexican Republic, suffragan of Linares.
Tamburini, Michelangelo
Fourteenth General of the Society of Jesus. (1648-1730)
Tametsi
The first word of Chapter 1, Session 24, of the Council of Trent.
Tamisier, Marie-Marthe-Baptistine
Initiator of international Eucharistic congresses, born at Tours, 1 Nov., 1834; died there 20 June, 1910.
Tancred
Prince of Antioch, born about 1072; died at Antioch, 12 Dec., 1112.
Taney, Roger Brooke
Fifth chief justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Tanguay, Cyprien
Genealogist, born at Quebec, 1819; died 1902.
Tanis
A titular see, suffragan of Pelusium in Augustamnica Prima, capital of the fourteenth district of Lower Egypt.
Tanner, Adam
Controversialist, born at Innsbruck in 1571; died at Unken, 25 May, 1632.
Tanner, Conrad
Abbot of Einsiedeln, born at Arth in the Canton of Schwyz, 28 Dec., 1752; died 7 April, 1825.
Tanner, Edmund
Bishop of Cork and Cloyne, Ireland, 1574-1579; born about 1526; died 1579.
Tanner, Matthias
Taught humanities, philosophy, theology, and Scripture, was made rector of the imperial university, and guided for six years the Bohemian province of his order.
Tantum Ergo
The opening words of the penultimate stanza of the Vesper hymn of Corpus Christi.
Tanucci, Bernardo
Marchese, Italian statesman, born at Stia in Tuscany, of poor family, in 1698 died at Naples, 29 April, 1793.
Taoism
Religion derived from the philosophical doctrines of Lao-tze.
Taos Pueblo
Town of the Pueblo group, inhabited by Indians speaking the Tigua language of Shoshonean linguistic stock.
Taparelli, Aloysius
Philosopher and writer on sociological subjects. (1793-1862)
Tapestry
A fabric in which the two processes of weaving and embroidering are combined.
Tapis, Esteban
Entered the Franciscan Order at Gerona, 27 Jan., 1778, and joined the missionary College of San Fernando, Mexico, in 1786.
Tarabotti, Helena
Nun and authoress, b. at Venice, 1605; d. there 1652.
Tarachus, Probus, and Andronicus, Saints
Martyrs of the Diocletian persecution. (c. 304)
Taranto
Diocese in southern Italy, on a bay in the Gulf of Taranto.
Tarapacá
Situated in Chile, bounded on the north by the canon of the Camarones and on the south by the Loa River.
Tarasius, Saint
Patriarch of Constantinople, date of birth unknown; died 25 February, 806.
Tarazona
The Diocese of Tarazona comprises the Spanish provinces of Saragossa, Soria, Navarre, and Logroño.
Tarbes
The Diocese of Tarbes comprises the Department of the Hautes-Pyrenees (ancient territory of Bigorre).
Tarentaise
Comprises the arrondissement of Moutiers in the Department of Savoie; it is also sometimes called the Diocese of Moutiers en Tarentaise, and is suffragan of Chambéry.
Targum
The distinctive designation of the Aramaic translations or paraphrases of the Old Testament.
Tarisel, Pierre
Master-mason to the king, b. about 1442; d. in August, 1510.
Tarquini, Camillus
Cardinal, Jesuit canonist and archaeologist. (1810-1874)
Tarragona
Its suffragans are Barcelona, Lérida, Gerona, Urgel, Vich, Tortosa, and Solsona.
Tartini, Giuseppe
Violinist, composer, and theorist. (1692-1770)
Taschereau, Elzéar-Alexandre
Archbishop of Quebec and first Canadian cardinal. (1820-1898)
Tassach, Saint
Irish saint, born in the first decade of the fifth century; died about 497.
Tassin, René-Prosper
French historian, belonging to the Benedictine Congregation of Saint-Maur. (1697-1777)
Tatian
A second-century apologist about whose antecedents and early history nothing can be affirmed with certainty except that he was born in Assyria and that he was trained in Greek philosophy.
Taubaté
Diocese in Brazil, South America, established on 29 April, 1908, as a suffragan of Sãn Paulo.
Tauler, John
German Dominican, mystic and preacher. (1300-1361)
Taunton, Ethelred
Writer, born at Rugeley, Staffordshire, England, 17 Oct., 1857; died in London, 9 May, 1907.
Tavistock Abbey
Located on the Tavy River in Devonshire, England, founded for Benedictine monks in 961.
Tavium
A titular see in Galatia Prima, suffragan of Ancyra.
Taxa Innocentiana
A Decree issued by Innocent XI, 1 Oct., 1678, regulating the fees that may be demanded or accepted by episcopal chancery offices for various acts, instruments, or writings.
Taxster, John de
Sometimes erroneously called Taxter or Taxston. A thirteenth-century chronicler, of whose life nothing is known except that he was professed as a Benedictine at Bury St. Edmund's 20 Nov., 1244.
Taylor, Frances Margaret
Superior General, and foundress of the Poor Servants of the Mother of God. (1832-1900)
Te Deum, The
An abbreviated title commonly given a hymn in rhythmical prose, of which the opening words, Te Deum Laudamus, formed its earliest known title.
Te Lucis Ante Terminum
The hymn at Compline in the Roman Breviary.
Tebaldeo, Antonio
Italian poet, born at Ferrara, in 1463; died. in 1537.
Tehuantepec
Diocese in the Republic of Mexico, suffragan of Oaxaca.
Teilo, Saint
Archbishop of Llandaff, born at Eccluis Gunniau, near Tenby, Pembrokeshire; died at Llandilo Vawr, Carmarthenshire, probably in or before 560.
Tekakwitha, Blessed Kateri
An Indian virgin of the Mohawk tribe, known as the "Lily of the Mohawks", and the "Genevieve of New France".
Telepathy
A term introduced by F.W.H. Myers in 1882 to denote "the ability of one mind to impress or to be impressed by another mind otherwise than through the recognized channels of sense".
Telese
A small town in the Province of Benevento, Southern Italy.
Telesio, Bernardino
Italian humanist and philosopher born of a noble family at Cosenza, near Naples, 1508; died there, 1588.
Telesphorus of Cosenza
A name assumed by one of the pseudo-prophets during the time of the Great Schism.
Tell el-Amarna Tablets, The
A collection of some 350 clay tablets found in 1887 amid the ruins of the ancient Egyptian city of Akhetaton.
Téllez, Gabriel
Spanish priest and poet, better known by his pseudonym of Tirso de Molina. (1571-1648)
Tellier, Michel Le
Commissioned by Cardinal Mazarin to organize the royal army.
Temiskaming
The Vicariate Apostolic of Temiskaming, suffragan of Ottawa, Canada.
Temperance Movements
Covers the history in Europe, the United States, and Canada.
Templars, The Knights
The earliest founders of the military orders.
Temple
The Latin form, templum, from which the English temple is derived, originally signified an uncovered area marked off by boundaries; especially the place marked off by the augurs to be excepted from all profane uses.
Temple of Jerusalem
In the Bible the sanctuary of Jerusalem bears the Hebrew name of Bet Yehovah (house of Jehovah).
Temple, Sisters of the
Established in London for educational purposes at the time of the Crusades.
Temptation
An incitement to sin whether by persuasion or by the offer of some good or pleasure.
Temptation of Christ
Christ endured temptation only from without, inasmuch as His human nature was free from all concupiscence.
Ten Commandments, The
The fundamental obligations of religion and morality and embodying the revealed expression of the Creator's will in relation to man's whole duty to God and to his fellow-creatures.
Ten Thousand Martyrs, The
On two days is a group of ten thousand martyrs mentioned in the Roman Martyrology.
Tencin, Pierre-Guérin de
French statesman and cardinal. (1680-1758)
Tenebrae Hearse
The triangular candlestick used in the Tenebrae service.
Tenebræ
The name given to the service of Matins and Lauds belonging to the last three days of Holy Week.
Tenedos
A titular see, suffragan of Rhodes in the Cyclades.
Teneriffe
Suffragan of Seville, formerly called Nivariensis from Nivaria, the ancient name of the island.
Teniers, David
The name of two eminent Flemish landscape painters; the elder, born at Antwerp in 1582; died there in 1649; the younger; born at Antwerp in 1610; died at Brussels in 1694.
Tenney, William Jewett
An author, editor, born at Newport, Rhode Island, 1814; died at Newark, New Jersey, 20 Sept., 1883.
Tentyris
Seat of a titular suffragan see of Ptolemais in Thebaid Secunda.
Tenure, Ecclesiastical
System of feudal tenure was not always restricted to lands, as church revenues and tithes were often farmed out to secular persons as a species of ecclesiastical fief.
Tepic
A diocese of the Mexican Republic, suffragan of the Archbishopric of Guadalajara.
Tepl
A Premonstratensian abbey in the western part of Bohemia.
Terce
The origin of Terce, like that of Sext and None, to which it bears a close relationship, dates back to Apostolic times.
Terenuthis
Titular see, suffragan of Antinoë in Thebais Prima.
Teresa of Avila, Saint
Teresa Sanchez Cepeda Davila y Ahumada, born at Avila, Old Castile. (1515-1582)
Teresa of Lisieux, Saint
Carmelite of Lisieux, better known as the Little Flower of Jesus. (1873-1897)
Teresian Martyrs of Compiègne, The Sixteen Blessed
Guillotined at the Place du Trône Renversé (now called Place de la Nation), Paris, 17 July, 1794.
Termessus
A titular see, suffragan of Perge in Pamphylia Secunda.
Termoli
Located on the Italian coast of the Adriatic, having a small harbour near the mouth of the Petraglione.
Ternan, Saint
Bishop of the Picts, flourished in the sixth century.
Terracina, Sezze, and Piperno
Located in the Province of Rome.
Terrasson, André
A French preacher, born at Lyons in 1669; died at Paris, 25 April, 1723.
Terrestrial Paradise
The name popularly given in Christian tradition to the scriptural Garden of Eden.
Tertiaries
Known as "Third Orders", those persons who live according to the Third Rule of religious orders, either outside of a monastery in the world, or in a religious community.
Tertullian
Ecclesiastical writer in the second and third centuries.
Test-Oath, Missouri
The terms of the oath required the affiant to deny, not only that he had ever been in armed hostility to the United States, or to the lawful authorities thereof, but that he had ever "by act or word", manifested his adherence to the cause of the enemies of the United States.
Testament, New
Jesus Christ uses the words "new testament" as meaning the alliance established by Himself between God and the world, and this is called "new" as opposed to that of which Moses was the mediator.
Testament, Old
The Apostle St. Paul declares himself (II Cor., iii, 6) a minister "of the new testament", and calls (iii, 14) the covenant entered into on Mount Sinai "the old testament".
Testem Benevolentiae
An Apostolic Letter of Leo XIII addressed to Cardinal Gibbons, 22 January, 1899.
Tetzel, Johann
First public antagonist of Luther. (1465-1519)
Teutonic Order
A medieval military order modeled on the Hospitallers of St. John.
Tewdrig
A Welsh saint, son of King Ceithfalt of Morganwg or Southern Wales, flourished probably in the sixth century.
Texas
Includes geography, history, demographic, and government information.
Textual Criticism
The object of textual criticism is to restore as nearly as possible the original text of a work the autograph of which has been lost.
Thabraca
A titular see of Numidia near the sea, between the Armua and the Tusca.
Thacia Montana
A titular see in Africa Proconsularis, suffragan of Carthage.
Thagora
Titular see in Numidia, mentioned by the "Rabula Peutingeriana", which calls it Thacora.
Thalberg, Sigismond
Musical composer and pianist. (1812-1871)
Thanksgiving Before and After Meals
The word grace, which, as applied to prayer over food, always in pre-Elizabethan English took the plural form graces, means nothing but thanksgiving.
Thanksgiving Day
The custom originated in 1621, when Governor Bradford of the Plymouth colony appointed a day for public praise and prayer after the first harvest.
Thasos
A titular see in Macedonia, suffragan of Thessalonica.
Theatines
A religious order of men, founded by Gaetano dei Conti di Tiene, Paolo Consiglieri, Bonifacio da Colle, and Giovanni Pietro Carafa, afterwards Pope Paul IV.
Theatre, The
All forms of the drama were banned by the Fathers of both East and West indiscriminately and in terms of the severest reprobation.
Thebaid
The valley of the Nile, under Roman domination, was divided into four provinces: Lower and Upper Egypt, Lower and Upper Thebaid.
Thébaud, Augustus
Jesuit educator and publicist. (1807-1885)
Thebes
Titular see of Thebais Secunda, suffragan of Ptolemais, and the seat of a Coptic Catholic diocese.
Thecla, Saint
Benedictine Abbess of Kitzingen and Ochsenfurt; date of birth unknown; d. at Kitzingen about 790 or later.
Thecla, Saints
The reputed pupil of the Apostle Paul, who is the heroine of the apocryphal "Acta Pauli et Theclae".
Theft
The secret taking of another's property against the reasonable will of that other.
Thegan (Degan) of Treves
Chronicler, died about 850. Assistant Bishop of Trier and friend of Walafrid Strabo.
Themiscyra
A titular see, suffragan of Amasea in the Hellespont.
Themisonium
A titular see in Phrygia Pacatiana, suffragan of Laodicea.
Thennesus
A titular suffragan see of Pelusium in Augustamnica Prima.
Theocracy
A form of civil government in which God Himself is recognized as the head.
Theodard, Saint
Archbishop of Narbonne, born at Montauban about 840; died at the same place 1 May, 893.
Theodore of Amasea, Saint
Martyrdom seems to have taken place 17 Feb., 306, under the Emperors Galerius Maximian and Maximin, for on this day the Menologies give his feast.
Theodore of Gaza
A fifteenth-century Greek Humanist and translator of Aristotle.
Theodore of Studium, Saint
A zealous champion of the veneration of images and the last geat representative of the unity and independence of the Church in the East.
Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury
Seventh Archbishop of Canterbury. (602-690)
Theodore, Bishop of Mopsuestia
Bishop in Cilicia and ecclesiastical writer.
Theodoret
Bishop of Cyrus and theologian, born at Antioch in Syria about 393; died about 457.
Theodoric (Thierry) of Chartes
A Platonist philosopher of the twelfth century.
Theodorus and Theophanes, Saints
Brothers, natives of Jerusalem. Championed the veneration of images during the second Iconoclastic controversy in the East.
Theodorus Lector
A lector attached to the Church of St. Sophia of Constantinople in the early part of the sixth century.
Theodosiopolis
A titular metropolitan see of Thracia Prima.
Theodosius Florentini
Born at Münster, in the Grisons, Switzerland, 23 May, 1808; died at Heiden, in Appenzell, 15 Feb., 1865.
Theodosius I
Roman Emperor (also known as Flavius Theodosius), born in Spain, about 346; died at Milan, 17 January, 395.
Theodulf
Bishop of Orléans, a writer skilled in poetic forms and a learned theologian, born in Spain about 760; died at Angers, France, 18 December, 821.
Theology of Christ (Christology)
Christology is that part of theology which deals with Our Lord Jesus Christ.
Theology, Ascetical
Briefly defined as the scientific exposition of Christian asceticism.
Theology, Dogmatic
That part of theology which treats of the theoretical truths of faith concerning God and His works.
Theology, History of Dogmatic
Detailed article broken into time periods.
Theology, Moral
Limited to those doctrines which discuss the relations of man and his free actions to God and his supernatural end, and propose the means instituted by God for the attainment of that end.
Theology, Mystical
Addresses acts and experiences or states of the soul which cannot be produced by human effort or industry even with the ordinary aid of divine grace.
Théophane Venard
French missionary, born at St-Loup, Diocese of Poitiers; martyred in Tonkin, 2 February, 1861. (1829-1861)
Theophilanthropists
A deistic sect formed in France during the latter part of the French Revolution.
Theophilus (Bishop of Antioch)
Second-century Bishop of Antioch.
Theosophy
A term used in general to designate the knowledge of God supposed to be obtained by the direct intuition of the Divine essence.
Theotocopuli, Domenico (El Greco)
Spanish artist. Born in Crete, between 1545 and 1550; died at Toledo, 7 April, 1614.
Thermae Basilicae
A titular see in Cappadocia Prima, suffragan of Caesarea.
Thermopylae
A titular see and suffragan of Athens in Achaia Prima.
Thessalonians, Epistles to the
Two of the canonical Epistles of St. Paul.
Thibaut de Champagne
Thibaut IV, count of Champagne and King of Navarre, and French poet. (1201-1253)
Thierry of Freburg
A philosopher and physician of the Middle Ages, and a member of the Order of Saint Dominic.
Thiers, Louis-Adolphe
French statesman and historian, first president of the Third French Republic. (1797-1877)
Thijm, Joseph Albert Alberdingk
Dutch poet of the nineteenth century.
Thijm, Peter Paul Maria Alberdingk
President of the Association Tijd en Vlijt and of Constantius Buter, also a member of the Flemish Academy, and for a time, its president.
Third Orders
Lay members of religious orders, i.e. men and women who do not necessarily live in community and yet can claim to wear the habit and participate in the good works of some great order.
Thirty Years War
Though pre-eminently a German war, was also of great importance for the history of the whole of Europe.
Thmuis
A titular see in Augustamnica Prima, suffragan of Pelusium.
Thomas á Jesu
Discalced Carmelite, writer on mystical theology. (1564-1627)
Thomas a Kempis
Author of the "Imitation of Christ", born at Kempen in the Diocese of Cologne, in 1379 or 1380; died 25 July, 1471.
Thomas Abel, Blessed
Biography of the priest and martyr, chaplain to Catherine of Aragon.
Thomas Alfield, Blessed
Priest, born at Gloucestershire; martyred at Tyburn, 6 July, 1585.
Thomas Aquinas, Saint
Philosopher, theologian, doctor of the Church (Angelicus Doctor), patron of Catholic universities, colleges, and schools.
Thomas Atkinson, Venerable
Martyred at York, 11 March, l6l6.
Thomas Belchiam, Venerable
A Franciscan martyr in the reign of Henry VIII.
Thomas Christians, Saint
An ancient body of Christians on the east and west coasts of India, claiming spiritual descent from the Apostle St. Thomas.
Thomas Cottam, Blessed
Martyr, born 1549, in Lancashire; executed at Tyburn, 30 May, 1582.
Thomas Ford, Blessed
Born in Devonshire; died at Tyburn, 28 May, 1582.
Thomas Garnet, Saint
Protomartyr of St. Omer and therefore of Stonyhurst College. (1575-1608)
Thomas Johnson, Blessed
Carthusian martyr, died in Newgate gaol, London, 20 September, 1537.
Thomas More, Saint
Saint, knight, Lord Chancellor of England, author and martyr, born in London, 7 February, 1477-78; executed at Tower Hill, 6 July, 1535.
Thomas of Beckington
Bishop of Bath and Wells, born at Beckington, Somerset, about 1390; died at Wells, 14 January, 1465.
Thomas of Bradwardine
Theologian known as the Doctor Profundus.
Thomas of Cantimpré
Medieval writer, preacher, and theologian. (1201-1272)
Thomas of Strasburg
A fourteenth-century scholastic of the Augustinian Order.
Thomas of Villanova, Saint
Educator, philanthropist, born at Fuentellana, Spain, 1488; died at Valencia, 8 September, 1555.
Thomas Percy, Blessed
Earl of Northumberland, martyr, born in 1528; died at York, 22 August, 1572.
Thomas Sherwood, Blessed
Martyr, born in London, 1551; died at Tyburn, London, 7 February, 1578.
Thomas the Apostle, Saint
The principal document concerning him is the "Acta Thomae", variations both in Greek and in Syriac, and bearing signs of its Gnostic origin.
Thomas Thwing, Blessed
Martyr. Born at Heworth Hall, near York, in 1635; suffered at York, 23 Oct., 1680.
Thomas Woodhouse, Blessed
Martyr who suffered at Tyburn 19 June, 1573.
Thomism
In a broad sense, the name given to the system which follows the teaching of St. Thomas Aquinas in philosophical and theological questions.
Thompson, Right Honourable Sir John Sparrow David
Jurist and first Catholic Premier of Canada. (1844-1894)
Thonissen, Jean-Joseph
Professor of law at the University of Louvain, minister in the Belgian Government. (1817-1891)
Thorney Abbey
For some three centuries the seat of Saxon hermits, or of anchorites living in community, before it was refounded in 972 for Benedictine monks by Ethelwold, Bishop of Winchester, with the aid of King Edgar.
Thorns, Crown of
Mentioned by three Evangelists and is often alluded to by the early Christian Fathers, such as Clement of Alexandria, Origen, and others, but there are comparatively few writers of the first six centuries who speak of it as a relic known to be still in existence.
Thorns, Feast of the Crown of
First instituted at Paris in 1239.
Thorpe, Venerable Robert
Priest and martyr, born in Yorkshire; suffered at York, 15 May, 1591.
Thou, Nicolas de
Bishop of Chartres, uncle of the historian Jacques-Auguste de Thou. (1528-1598)
Three Chapters
(1) the person and writings of Theodore of Mopsuestia; (2) certain writings of Theodoret of Cyrus; (3) the letter of Ibas to Maris.
Three Rivers
Formed from the Archdiocese of Quebec, to which it is suffragan.
Throne
The seat the bishop uses when not engaged at the altar.
Thuburbo Minus
A titular see in Africa Proconsularis, suffragan of Carthage.
Thugut, Johann Amadeus Franz de Paula
Austrian statesman, born at Linz, 31 March, 1736; died at Vienna, 28 May, 1818.
Thulis, Venerable John
English martyr, born at Up Holland, Lancashire, probably about 1568; suffered at Lancaster, 18 March, 1615 or 1616.
Thundering Legion
The story of an expedition against the Quadi led by Emperor Marcus Aurelius.
Thynias
A titular see, suffragan of Nicomedia, in Bithynia Prima.
Tiara
The papal crown, ornamented with precious stones and pearls, which is shaped like a bee-hive, has a small cross at its highest point.
Tibaldi, Pellegrino
Known also as Pellegrino da Bologna and as Pellegrino Pellegrini, decorator, mural painter, and architect. 1527-1592)
Tiberias
Titular see, suffragan of Scythopolis, in Palaestina Secunda.
Tiberias, Sea of
So called in John 21:1 (cf. 6:1), otherwise known as "the sea of Galilee".
Tibet
Includes information on geography, history, and missions.
Tiburtius and Susanna, Saints
Roman martyrs, feast 11 August.
Ticelia
Titular see, suffragan of Cyrene, in the Libya Pentapolis.
Tichborne, Ven. Nicholas
Martyr, born at Hartley Mauditt, Hampshire; suffered at Tyburn, London, 24 Aug., 1601.
Tichborne, Ven. Thomas
Born at Hartley, Hampshire, 1567; martyred at Tyburn, London, 20 April, 1602.
Ticonius
An African Donatist writer of the fourth century who appears to have had some influence on St. Augustine.
Ticuna Indians
A tribe along the north bank of the upper Amazon.
Tieffentaller, Joseph
Jesuit missionary and noted geographer in Hindustan. 1710-1785)
Tiepolo
Article on Giovanni Battista (Giambattista) Tiepolo and his son Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo.
Tierney, Mark Aloysius
Wrote "The History and Antiquities of the Castle of Arundel" (London, 1834) and several controversial pamphlets. Also acted as editor of the "Dublin Review", succeeding Quin, the first editor.
Tillemont, Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de
French historian and priest. (1637-1698)
Tilly, Johannes Tserclæs, Count of
Born at Brabant in 1559; died at Ingolstadt in April, 1632.
Time
Article explores two questions, What are the notes, or elements, contained in the subjective representation of time? and To what external reality does this representation correspond?
Timothy and Symphorian, Saints
Martyrs whose feast is observed on 22 August.
Timucua Indians
A principal group or confederacy of ancient Florida.
Tingis
A titular see of Mauretania Tingitana (the official list of the Roman Curia places it in Mauretania Caesarea).
Tintern Abbey
In Monmouthshire, England, founded in 1131 by Walter de Clare for Cistercian monks.
Tintoretto, Il
Italian painter, b. at Venice, 1518; d. there 1594.
Tisio da Garofalo, Benvenuto
An Italian painter of the Ferrarese school. (1481-1559)
Tithes
The tenth part of the increase arising from the profits of land and stock, alotted to the clergy for their support or devoted to religious or charitable uses.
Tithes, Lay
Ecclesiastical tithes, which in the course of time became alienated from the Church to lay proprietors.
Titopolis
Titular see, suffragan of Seleucia Trachaea in Isauria.
Titulus
In pagan times titulus signified an inscription on stone, and later the stone which marked the confines of property.
Toba Indians
Tribe of the great Chaco wilderness of South America.
Tocqueville, Charles-Alexis-Henri-Maurice-Clerel d
Writer and statesman. (1805-1859)
Todi
Diocese in Central Italy; immediately dependent on the Holy See.
Tokio
Archdiocese comprising 21 provinces or 15 departments.
Toledo (Ohio)
A diocese in Ohio, U.S.A., formed out of the Diocese of Cleveland and erected into a separate jurisdiction, 15 April, 1910.
Toledo (Spain)
Primatial see of Spain, whose archbishop, raised almost always to the dignity of cardinal, occupies the first place in the ranks of the higher Spanish clergy.
Toledo, Francisco
Philosopher, theologian, and exegete, son of an actuary. (1532-1596)
Tolentino and Macerata
Located in the Marches, Central Italy.
Toleration, History of
Explores the attitude of the Church towards religious toleration.
Toleration, Religious
The magnanimous indulgence one shows towards a religion other than his own, accompanied by the moral determination to leave it and its adherents unmolested in private and public, although internally one views it with complete disapproval as a "false faith".
Tolomei, John Baptist
Jesuit theologian and cardinal. (1653-1726)
Tomb
A memorial for the dead at the place of burial, customary, especially for distinguished persons.
Tomb of the Blessed Virgin Mary
Explores the question where Mary died and was buried, either Jerusalem or Ephesus.
Tomb, Altar
A tomb, or monument, over a grave, oblong in form, which is covered with a slab or table, having the appearance of an altar.
Tomi
A titular metropolitan see in the Province of Scythia, on the Black Sea.
Tongues, Gift of
A supernatural gift of the class gratiae gratis datae, designed to aid in the outer development of the primitive Church.
Tonica Indians
A small tribe living, when first known to the French, in small villages on the lower Yazoo River, Mississippi.
Tonkawa Indians
A tribal group formerly ranging about the middle Trinity and Colorado Rivers, in Eastern Texas.
Tonsure
A sacred rite instituted by the Church by which a baptized and confirmed Christian is received into the clerical order.
Tootell, Hugh
Historian commonly known as Charles Dodd. Died 1743.
Torah
Signifies first "direction, instruction", as, for instance, the instruction of parents, or of the wise.
Toribio Alfonso Mogrovejo, Saint
Archbishop of Lima. (1538-1606)
Tornielli, Girolamo Francesco
Italian Jesuit, preacher and writer. (1693-1752)
Torone
A titular see in Macedonia, suffragan of Thessalonica.
Torquemada, Tomás de
Grand Inquisitor of Spain. (1420-1498)
Torres Naharro, Bartolemé de
Spanish poet and dramatist, born at Torres, near Badajoz, towards the end of the fifteenth century.
Torricelli, Evangelista
Italian mathematician and physicist, born at Faenza, 15 October, 1608; died at Florence, 25 October, 1647.
Torrubia, José
A linguist, scientist, collector of fossils and of books, writer on historical, political, and religious subjects. Born towards the end of the seventeenth century at Granada, Spain; died in 1768.
Toscanella and Viterbo
The city of Viterbo in the Province of Rome stands at the foot of Monte Cimino, in Central Italy.
Toscanelli, Paolo dal Pozzo
Mathematician, astronomer, and cosmographer. (1397-1482)
Tostado, Alonso
Exegete, born at Madrigal, Castile, about 1400; died at Bonilla de la Sierra, near Avila, 3 Sept., 1455.
Totemism
Constitutes the group of superstitions and customs of which the totem is the center.
Totonac Indians
One of the smaller cultured nations of ancient Mexico, occupying at the time of the Spanish conquest the coast province of Totonicapan.
Touchet, George Anselm
Born at Stalbridge, Dorset; died about 1689.
Tournon, Charles-Thomas Maillard de
Papal legate to India and China, cardinal, born of a noble Savoyard family at Turin, 21 December, 1668; died in confinement at Macao, 8 June, 1710.
Touron, Antoine
Dominican biographer and historian. (1686-1775)
Toustain, Charles-François
French Benedictine, and member of the Congregation of St-Maur. (1700-1754)
Touttée, Antoine-Augustin
French Benedictine of the Maurist Congregation. (1677-1718)
Tower of Babel
Information on the history, site, and construction of the tower.
Tracy, Alexandre de Prouville, Marquis de
Viceroy of New France, born in France, 1603, of noble parents; died there in 1670.
Tradition and Living Magisterium
The word tradition refers sometimes to the thing (doctrine, account, or custom) transmitted from one generation to another sometimes to the organ or mode of the transmission.
Traditionalism
A philosophical system which makes tradition the supreme criterion and rule of certitude.
Traducianism
In general the doctrine that, in the process of generation, the human spiritual soul is transmitted to the offspring by the parents.
Trajan
Emperor of Rome (A.D. 98-117), b. at Italica Spain, 18 September, 53; d. 7 August, 117.
Trajanopolis
A titular see of Phrygia Pacatiana, suffragan of Laodicea.
Transcendentalism
The terms transcendent and transcendental have antithetical reference to experience or the empirical order.
Transept
A rectangular space inserted between the apse and nave in the early Christian basilica.
Transfiguration
Culminating point of Christ's public life, as His Baptism is its starting point, and His Ascension its end.
Transfiguration of Christ, Feast of the
Observed on August 6 to commemorate the manifestation of the Divine glory recorded by St. Matthew (Chapter 17).
Transylvania
Diocese in Hungary, suffragan of Kalocsa Bács.
Trapezopolis
A titular see in Phrygia Pacatiana, suffragan to Laodicea.
Trappists
The Cistercians who follow the reform inaugurated by the Abbot de Rancé (b. 1626; d. 1700) in the Abbey of La Trappe, and often now applied to the entire Order of Reformed Cistercians.
Trasilla and Emiliana, Saints
Aunts of St. Gregory the Great, virgins in the sixth century.
Treason, Accusations of
A common misrepresentation concerning the Elizabethan persecution of English and Irish Catholics from 1570 onwards is the statement that the victims devoted to imprisonment, torture, and death suffered not for their religious belief but for treason against the queen and her government.
Trebnitz
A former abbey of Cistercian nuns, situated north of Breslau in Silesia.
Tredway, Lettice Mary
Abbess of the Convent of Notre-Dame-de-Sion.
Tregian, Francis
Confessor, born in Cornwall, 1548; died at Lisbon, 25 Sept., 1608.
Trent, Council of
Main object was the definitive determination of the doctrines of the Church in answer to the heresies of the Protestants.
Trenton
Diocese created 15 July, 1881, suffragan of New York.
Tresham, Sir Thomas
Knight Bachelor (in or before 1524), Grand Prior of England in the Order of Knights Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem.
Tribe, Jewish
The earlier Hebrew term rendered in English versions by the word "tribe" is shebet, while the term matteh, prevails in the post-exilic writings.
Tricarico, Diocese of
Located in the Province of Potenza in the Basilicata (Southern Italy), near the River Perrola.
Tricassin, Charles Joseph
Theologian of the Capuchin Order, b. at Troyes; d. in 1681.
Trichinopoly, Diocese of
Located in India, suffragan of Bombay.
Trichur
Vicariate Apostolic in India, one of the three vicariates of the Syro-Malabar Rite.
Tricomia
Titular see, suffragan of Caesarea in Palaestina Prima.
Triduum
Three days. Frequently chosen for prayer or for other devout practices.
Trinità di Cava dei Tirrenti, Abbey of
Located in the Province of Salerno.
Trinitarians, Order of
Towards the end of the twelfth century the order had 250 houses throughout Christendom, where its benevolent work was manifested by the return of liberated captives.
Trinity College
An institution for the higher education of Catholic women, located at Washington, D.C.
Trinity Sunday
The first Sunday after Pentecost, instituted to honour the Most Holy Trinity.
Trinity, The Blessed
The term employed to signify the central doctrine of the Christian religion, the truth that in the unity of the Godhead there are three persons, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, these three persons being truly distinct one from another.
Triple-Candlestick
A name given along with several others to a church ornament used only in the office of Holy Saturday.
Trissino, Giangiorgio
Italian poet and scholar. (1478-1550)
Tritheists
Heretics who divide the Substance of the Blessed Trinity.
Trithemius, John
Scholar and Benedictine abbot. (1462-1516)
Trivet, Nicholas
Author of a large number of theological and historical works and commentaries on the classics, more especially the works of Seneca.
Trocmades
Titular see of Galatia Secunda, suffragan of Pessinus.
Trokelowe, John de
A Benedictine monk of St. Albans and monastic chronicler still living in 1330, but the dates of whose birth and death are unknown.
Trondhjem, Ancient See of
In 997 Olaf Trygvesson founded at the mouth of the River Nid the city of Nidaros, afterwards called Trondhjem.
Trope
A collective name which, since about the close of the Middle Ages or a little later, has been applied to texts of great variety (in both poetry and prose) written for the purpose of amplifying and embellishing an independently complete liturgical text.
Tropology, Scriptural
The theory and practice of interpreting the figurative meaning of Holy Writ.
Truce of God
A temporary suspension of hostilities, as distinct from the Peace of God which is perpetual.
Truchsess von Waldburg, Otto
Cardinal-Bishop of Augsburg. (1514-1573)
Trueba, Antonio de
Spanish poet and folklorist. (1821-1889)
Trujillo
Diocese comprising the Departments of Lambayeque, Libertad, Pinra, and the Province of Tumbes, in North-west Peru, formed by Gregory XIII.
Trumpets, Feast of
The first day of Tishri (October), the seventh month of the Hebrew year.
Trumwin, Saint
Consecrated by St. Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury, as a missionary bishop among the Picts, and was consequently regarded later as the first Bishop of Whithorn, in Galloway.
Trustee System
In the exercise of inherent rights of administering property, the Church often appoints deputies.
Trusts and Bequests
Defined as the right enforceable solely in equity to the beneficial enjoyment of property of which the legal title is in another.
Truth Societies, Catholic
Covers their establishment in various countries.
Tryphon, Respicius, and Nympha
Martyrs whose feast is observed in the Latin Church on 10 November.
Tschiderer zu Gleifheim, Johann Nepomuk von
Bishop of Trent. (1777-1860)
Tschupick, John Nepomuk
A celebrated preacher, b. at Vienna, 7 or 12 April, 1729; d. there, 20 July, 1784.
Tuam
The Archdiocese of Tuam, the metropolitan see of Connacht, extends, roughly speaking, from the Shannon westwards to the sea, and comprises half of County Galway, and nearly half of Mayo, with a small portion of south Roscommon.
Tuam, School of
Founded by St. Jarlath, it rivalled Clonmacnoise as a center of Celtic art in the eleventh century.
Tübingen, University of
Located in Würtemberg; founded by Count Eberhard im Bart on 3 July, 1477.
Tucumán
Suffragan to Buenos Aires, erected from the Diocese of Salta on 15 February, 1897.
Tulancingo
Diocese in the Mexican Republic, suffragan of Mexico.
Tunic
A vestment shaped like a sack, which has in the closed upper part only a slit for putting the garment over the head, and, on the sides, either sleeves or slits through which the arms can be passed.
Tunja
Diocese established in 1880 as a suffragan of Bogotá, in the Republic of Colombia, South America.
Tunkers
A Protestant sect thus named from its distinctive baptismal rite.
Tunstall, Cuthbert
Bishop of London, later of Durham. (1474-1559)
Tunstall, Venerable Thomas
Martyred at Norwich, 13 July, 1616.
Turgot, Anne-Robert-Jacques
Baron de L'Aulne, French minister. (1727-1781)
Turin
The chief town of a civil province in Piedmont and was formerly the capital of the Duchy of Savoy and of the Kingdom of Sardinia.
Turin, Shroud of
This name given to a relic now preserved at Turin, for which the claim is made that it is the actual "clean linen cloth" in which Joseph of Arimathea wrapped the body of Jesus Christ.
Turin, University of
Founded in 1404, when the lectures at Piacenza and Pavia were interrupted by the wars of Lombardy.
Turkestan
Details of Chinese Turkestan and Russian Turkestan.
Turkish Empire
Created in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries on the ruins of the Byzantine Empire, from the caliphate of Baghdad and independent Turkish principalities.
Tuscany
A division of central Italy, includes the provinces of Arezzo, Florence, Grosseto, Livorno, Massa and Carrara, Pisa, and Siena.
Tynemouth Priory
Located on the east coast of Northumberland, England, occupied the site of an earlier Saxon church built first in wood, then in stone, in the seventh century, and famous as the burial-place of St. Oswin, king and martyr.
Tyrannicide
The killing of a tyrant, and usually is taken to mean the killing of a tyrant by a private person for the common good.