Performs principal geological science research, includes brief history, departments, research, and periodicals.

Conducts research in the fields of seismology, geomagnetism, gravimetry, physics of the atmosphere, ionosphere and geospace.

Engaged in theoretical and applied research in the field of complex and optimal utilization and protection of water resources.

Gives for more than 134 years its humble information and scientific contribution to the mastering and studying of the problems related to the climate change, weather and water resources.

Provides fundamental and applied research in the field of solar-terrestrial physics, in situ and remote investigation of the geosphere, planets and the interplanetary space.