Cougaar
Cognitive Agent Architecture, a Java-based architecture for the construction of large-scale distributed agent-based applications. [Open source]
IBM Pervasive Computing
IBM's vision of networked appliances is called "Pervasive Computing".
Mitre's CVW
A collaboration software environment that provides a "virtual building" where teams can communicate, collaborate, and share information, regardless of their geographic location. CVW takes virtual meetings one step further and enables virtual co-location through persistent virtual rooms, each incorporating people, information, and tools appropriate to a task, operation, or service. [Open source, Public Domain]
NCSA Habanero
A collaborative framework and environment containing a set of applications. Now is closed. Authors are making it final materials available to researchers and other interested parties.
Rendezvous
Lets create an instant network of computers and smart devices just by getting them connected to each other. By Apple Computer, Inc.
The Microsoft Research Millennium Project
Investigated new ways to build distributed systems. The resulting systems would manage machines and network connections for the programmer in the same way that existing operating systems manage pages of memory and disk sectors.