Optimization methodology based on ant behaviors. The first ACO system was introduced by Marco Dorigo in 1992. ACO was applied to the travelling salesman problem, and to the quadratic assignment problem.

From Ant Colonies to Artificial Ants: A Series of International Workshops on Ant Algorithms. Links to individual conferences and proceedings.

A virtual ant colony was created to investigate the emergent behaviors demonstrated by ants. It uses the StarLogo simulation tool.