Extensive technical paper presenting a review of the causes and consequences of landfill liner failures, and a design methodology to avoid said failures. Authors: Dr. D.V. Reddy and Boris Butul.

Technical paper about laboratory torsional ring shear tests, performed to evaluate the effect of shear displacement rate on the internal shear strength of a needlepunched geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) under different normal stresses. Authors: H.T. Eid and others.

First part of a comprehensive overview of the fundamental design issues related to geosynthetic clay liners (GCL), focused on design options and principles related to hydraulic performance and leakage. From Thiel Engineering.

Second part of a comprehensive overview of the fundamental design issues related to geosynthetic clay liners (GCL), focused on slope stability and the shear strength values which should be used for analysis. From Thiel Engineering.

Third part of a comprehensive overview of the fundamental design issues related to geosynthetic clay liners (GCL), expanding on the installation, durability, and effective quality control and assurance of geosynthetic clay liners. From Thiel Engineering.

Report on a peel index and a draft shear index test performed on needlepunch reinforced geosynthetic clay liners to detirmine whether the current test methods are adequate for low normal load applications. Authors: J. Olsta and L. Crosson.

Technical paper about a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) manufactured from bentonite encapsulated by two nonwoven geotextiles and bonded through needlepunch technology. From Terrafix Geosynthetics, Inc. Author: Bruno Herlin, P.Eng.

Technical paper reviewing four primary applications for geosynthetic clay liners (GCL), and the problems which were observed during and after installation. From Serrot International, Inc. Author: Thomas G. Stam.

Extensive technical paper describing the construction of geosynthetic clay liners (GCL), and highlighting the shear behaviour of GCLs to demonstrate their long-term slope stability. From Naue Fasertechnik GmbH. Authors: K.P. von Maubeuge and C.M. Quirk.

Fact sheet from the US Environmental Protection Agency, describing new and innovative technologies and products that meet the performance standards of the Criteria for Municipal Solid Waste Landfills.